Joint article with Ryan Dillmann Pexels/Creative Vix At the historic NATO summit in The Hague on 25 June 2025, alliance members agreed to raise direct defence spending to 3.5% of GDP, with an additional 1.5% allocated for civil preparedness, security infrastructure, and the defence industrial base by 2035. This decision has been the direct result of Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine, and various other world tensions, prompting a renewed need for rearmament. Outside

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